Racial and ethnic differences in prostate cancer screening outcomes in the United States: A secondary analysis of the prostate, lung, colorectal, and ovarian cancer trial.

Despite racial/ethnic disparities in prostate cancer (PCa) outcomes, evidence on screening-specific outcomes across diverse populations remains limited.

This study examined racial/ethnic differences in PCa screening, tumor characteristics, and mortality, among White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian men Methods: Secondary analysis of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (1993-2022) in the United States (N = 73,158). Chi-square tests compared screening outcomes, tumor characteristics, and mortality across racial/ethnic groups. Adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) were estimated for incidence through 2017, and mortality through 2022, and survival was assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox models. Screening outcomes differed by race and ethnicity.

Black men had elevated false-positive prostate-specific antigen rates, biopsy rates, and prostate cancer-specific mortality (aRR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.53, 2.53 vs. White). Asian men had the highest rate of high-grade tumors (p