Mutation Combinations Database

Comprehensive guide to genetic mutation combinations in colorectal cancer, their clinical implications, and treatment recommendations.

64
Total Combinations
39
Actionable Targets
14
Categories
Showing 64 combinations
KRAS G12D
Intermediate 12.00% Level 2A
KRAS
Most common KRAS. MRTX1133 and other G12D inhibitors in development.
Clinical Implications

Most common KRAS. MRTX1133 and other G12D inhibitors in development.

Watch for G12D inhibitor approvals 2024-2025.

Recommended
FOLFOX + BevacizumabFOLFIRI + BevacizumabClinical trials
Avoid
CetuximabPanitumumab
APC + KRAS + TP53 + SMAD4
Poor 12.00% Level 2B
APC KRAS TP53 SMAD4
SMAD4 loss = poor prognosis, liver mets.
Clinical Implications

SMAD4 loss = poor prognosis, liver mets.

Aggressive treatment warranted.

Recommended
FOLFOXIRI + BevacizumabClinical trials
KRAS G12D (Emerging)
Intermediate 12.00% Level 3
KRAS
MRTX1133 and others showing promise. Could transform treatment.
Clinical Implications

MRTX1133 and others showing promise. Could transform treatment.

G12D inhibitors 1-2 years behind G12C.

Recommended
Standard therapyClinical trials
KRAS G12D + TP53
Intermediate 12.00% B
KRAS G12D TP53
Clinical Implications

KRAS G12D is not yet targetable with approved drugs. Clinical trials for G12D inhibitors ongoing.

Recommended
Standard chemotherapyG12D inhibitors (trials)
Avoid
Anti-EGFR therapy
PTEN Loss
Intermediate 10.00% Level 3
PTEN
Activates PI3K pathway. Mixed data on anti-EGFR resistance.
Clinical Implications

Activates PI3K pathway. Mixed data on anti-EGFR resistance.

May inform aspirin use.

Recommended
Standard therapyConsider aspirin
KRAS G12V
Intermediate 8.00% Level 2A
KRAS
Second most common KRAS. No specific inhibitor yet.
Clinical Implications

Second most common KRAS. No specific inhibitor yet.

May have slightly worse prognosis than G12D.

Recommended
FOLFOX + BevacizumabFOLFIRI + Bevacizumab
Avoid
Anti-EGFR
PIK3CA Exon 9
Intermediate 8.00% Level 3
PIK3CA
PI3K pathway activation. Aspirin benefit unclear for exon 9.
Clinical Implications

PI3K pathway activation. Aspirin benefit unclear for exon 9.

Different biology than exon 20.

Recommended
Standard chemotherapyClinical trials
KRAS G13D
7.00% Level 2A
KRAS
Standard chemotherapy backbone. Anti-EGFR controversy: Retrospective data (De Roock 2010, PMID: 20619739) suggested possible cetuximab sensitivity, but ICECREAM study did not confirm benefit. NOT recommended for anti-EGFR outside trials. If HER2 co-amplified, consider T-DXd.
Clinical Implications

Standard chemotherapy backbone. Anti-EGFR controversy: Retrospective data (De Roock 2010, PMID: 20619739) suggested possible cetuximab sensitivity, but ICECREAM study did not confirm benefit. NOT recommended for anti-EGFR outside trials. If HER2 co-amplified, consider T-DXd.

KRAS G13D represents ~7% of mCRC. Prognosis intermediate between KRAS WT and G12 mutations. Historical controversy about cetuximab sensitivity not confirmed prospectively. If HER2 co-amplified, consider T-DXd (DESTINY-CRC02).

Recommended
FOLFOX/FOLFIRI + BevacizumabFOLFOXIRI + BevacizumabTAS-102 + Bevacizumab (third-line)
Avoid
Anti-EGFR
NRAS Mutated
Intermediate 5.00% Level 1
NRAS
Functionally equivalent to KRAS. Precludes anti-EGFR.
Clinical Implications

Functionally equivalent to KRAS. Precludes anti-EGFR.

Must test both KRAS and NRAS.

Recommended
FOLFOX + BevacizumabFOLFIRI + BevacizumabFOLFOXIRI + Bevacizumab
Avoid
CetuximabPanitumumab
PIK3CA + KRAS
Poor 5.00% Level 3
PIK3CA KRAS
Dual pathway activation = aggressive biology.
Clinical Implications

Dual pathway activation = aggressive biology.

Consider aspirin for PIK3CA component.

Recommended
Intensive chemotherapyClinical trials
Avoid
Anti-EGFR
MET Amp (Acquired)
Poor 5.00% Level 3
MET
Bypass resistance to anti-EGFR. Consider combo strategies.
Clinical Implications

Bypass resistance to anti-EGFR. Consider combo strategies.

Check MET on anti-EGFR progression.

Recommended
Clinical trials (MET + EGFR)Alternative chemo
Avoid
Anti-EGFR alone
KRAS G13D + TP53
5.00% Level 3
KRAS TP53
Standard chemotherapy + Bevacizumab. Anti-EGFR not indicated. If HER2 co-amplified, consider Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (DESTINY-CRC02 showed efficacy in RAS mutant). TP53 mutations do not currently guide therapy selection.
Clinical Implications

Standard chemotherapy + Bevacizumab. Anti-EGFR not indicated. If HER2 co-amplified, consider Trastuzumab Deruxtecan (DESTINY-CRC02 showed efficacy in RAS mutant). TP53 mutations do not currently guide therapy selection.

Co-occurrence of KRAS G13D and TP53 mutation seen in ~5% of mCRC. TP53 dysfunction may reduce chemotherapy sensitivity but is not therapeutically actionable. Focus on KRAS-driven treatment selection. Test for HER2 amplification as potential targetable co-alteration.

Recommended
FOLFOX/FOLFIRI + BevacizumabFOLFOXIRI + BevacizumabTAS-102 + BevacizumabClinical trials
Avoid
Anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies
KRAS Codon 61/146
Intermediate 4.00% Level 1
KRAS
Less common KRAS mutations. Confirmed anti-EGFR resistance.
Clinical Implications

Less common KRAS mutations. Confirmed anti-EGFR resistance.

Always test extended RAS panel.

Recommended
FOLFOX + BevacizumabFOLFIRI + Bevacizumab
Avoid
Anti-EGFR
PTEN Loss + PIK3CA
Intermediate 4.00% C
PTEN Loss PIK3CA
Clinical Implications

Double PI3K pathway activation. May benefit from PI3K pathway inhibitors in trials.

Recommended
Standard chemotherapyPI3K inhibitors (trials)
WRN Deficient (MSI-H)
Good 3.00% Level 3
WRN
WRN helicase essential in MSI-H. Synthetic lethal approach.
Clinical Implications

WRN helicase essential in MSI-H. Synthetic lethal approach.

Multiple WRN inhibitors in early trials.

Recommended
ImmunotherapyWRN inhibitor trials
About This Database

This database contains clinically relevant mutation combinations in colorectal cancer. Each combination includes:

  • Genes involved - The genetic alterations present
  • Prognosis - Expected outcome classification
  • Prevalence - How common in CRC patients
  • Recommended treatments - Evidence-based options
  • Treatments to avoid - Known ineffective therapies
  • Evidence level - Strength of supporting data

Actionable combinations have FDA-approved targeted therapies or strong clinical trial evidence. Always consult with your oncologist for personalized treatment decisions.