Sacituzumab govitecan in colorectal cancer: clinical evidence and future directions.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and continues to pose a significant global health burden. Despite therapeutic advances, the prognosis remains poor due to limited treatment options, resistance to therapy, and frequent metastasis. Standard treatment regimen primarily involve a combination of chemotherapy and biological agents. Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that targets trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2).

SG has demonstrated clinical efficacy and has been approved for the treatment of advanced triple-negative and hormone receptor-positive, HER2 negative breast cancers. TROP2 is broadly expressed in carcinomas and is associated with a poor prognosis, making it a promising therapeutic target. SG's success in breast cancer and broad expression in epithelial tumors has sparked interest in its potential applicability to CRC. This review provides an overview of SG's mechanism of action and current clinical applications, discussing its therapeutic potential in the context of CRC.

Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as large bowel cancer, is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Often, patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage when the disease has already spread to other organs. In such cases, surgery is usually not an option, leaving limited treatment options. Standard therapies often include chemotherapies, which target dividing cells; however, tumors can become resistant to these treatments.New types of cancer therapy are being developed to overcome this resistance.

One such approach is antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs). These treatments combine an antibody that specifically targets cells that express a marker and are coupled with an anti-cancer drug. The aim is to deliver the drug in a high dose to the tumor site while minimizing harm to healthy cells.Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an ADC that binds to the receptor TROP2, which is found on cancer cells across many cancer types. It has already been approved for use in treating breast cancer.

This review discusses the mode of action of SG, its current applications, and its potential role in treating patients with CRC.